Georgia



**Geography-** Georgia is located southeastern of the United States and borders near Alabama, Tennessee, and South Carolina its main geographic features is the Appalachian Mountains and the Body of water that’s next to Georgia which is the North Atlantic ocean. Georgia was a colony that was provided with many rivers. Such as the Flint, Acmulgee, Altramana, Oconee, and the Savanna each would do its part to help profit Georgia trade transportation with other colonies. Since, Georgia's climate is quite mild and humid it contains rich soil and is generally good farming weather. Georgia's geography has affected its economy greatly because Georgia mainly depends on its natural resources and farming cash crops for commerence so it’s location of being surrounded by rivers and near a body of ocean greatly helps Georgia with trade other colonies.

**History**-

Georgia's colonial history is known to be older than any other states but Florida. It's a region along the East Coast of North America and that had a populated territory between the Savannah and Saint Marys river a region in which many nations and people would fight for the control over this land. Georgia was soon colonized in 1732 when James Oglethorpe was given a charter from King George II to create a new colony in which he called Georgia, which was named after king George.In 1733, a group of settlers joined Oglethorpe to found Savannah, Georgia. Georgia began with the intention to have little landholding and no slavery. Georgia was known as a region in which many different types of people lived in for thousands of years. Groups such as the Indians who were nomadic people that arrived around A.D 800, and had groups of tribes in small villages that would live domesticated lives of hunting and growing for food. Some tribes such as the Creek and the Cherokee became an important and dominated part of Georgia. The Creek was the tribe most dominate in Georgia, it was a major tribe composed with other different tribes such as the Creek, Yamassee, Yamacraw, Savannah and Westo. These tribes lived in villages and and used farming for food and hunting. Beside the Creek another major tribe was called the Cherokee who also farmed but spoke Iroquois. Other groups of people that came to Georgia were the Spanish who were the first Europeans to have come and arrived in 1568 the Spainsh were the ones who began the missions. The spainsh mostly came to Georgia to help spread Christianity but also to help find gold and other riches so they set up their missions. The only problem was where their missions were found ,near the indian tribes because it caused problems. As for Georgias economy its main way of gaining profit was by farming and being apart of the slave trade. Georgia had three royal governers such as John Reynolds, Henry Ellis and its most successful James Wright. As for religon Christanity was the dominate religon in Georgia and it has one of the largest Orthodox church.

Economics- In Georgia colonist used their natural resources that surrounded and mainly gained profit from the agriculture industry. Its main **cash crops** grown was cotton but corn, peanuts and peaches were also included as major crops grown. This Farming was a major part of Georgia’s commerence because of its many crops grown in the state. Colonist in Georgia would many farm, Hunt and trade in order to survive and provide for their families. Another major profitable business was that it was the major supplier of naval stores to the United Kingdome. Also although Slavery in Georgia was at first outlawed but after the requests by the many people when it became a royal colony the king finally legalized slavery by 1752 and it became a major part of georgia's economy. The slave trade center in Georgia was in Savannah, slaves came by the popular trade program called the **triangle trade**. In this Business agrangement Georgia was given slaves by either the British colonies, the islands of the Caribbeans or directly from Africa. Britain had a **mercantilism** economic relationship with Georgia when it came with the slave trade because it exported more slaves with georgia then it imported.

Social- Many Languages were spoken in Georgia some were Spainsh and Iroquois but other ethic people did settle in Georgia such as the German, Italian, and swiss settlers.Georgias dominate religion was Christanity and its largest church was called Georgian Orthodox Church. Religon movements did occur like for example of the **Great Awakening** a major event where preachers would tell the revolutionary message that peoples relationship with god was better than your membership with any church. The major role of women in georgia was mainly to plant kitchen gardens, raise poultry to help provive food and to stay home and raise their childern.

Political: Georgia was given a royal charter to James Oglethorpe by King George II,james wanted to create a colony to help give people second chances meaning, people that owed british money and were in debt and people who had a different religon than Britain, the State Religon in Britain being Protestantism. James concern was also on the plight of the poor and he wanted georgia to be a place for people to get away their debts and religous problems. This shows an an example of **Salutary Neglect** because instead of the royal king taking control of Georgia he granted it to James and left him with allowing georgia's colony to learn how to take care of itself. As for Georgias government it consists of Executive,Legislature and a Judiciary. As for the constitution Georgia always had followed and operated by the 10 constitutions ever since the rules and regulation act.

The French and Indian- Georgia wasnt involve in the French and Indian war although some Indian tribes would side with the French or Britain and other colonies and many colonist feared the attack of Indians. However, at the time their first royal governer called John Reynold's came to power and he wanted to make big changes for georgia, such as improving their militia. But he failed into making these changes due to the many he angered,the promises broken and dissolving the colonial assembly for not doing what he said.Although Georgia didnt have a major involvement in the war, when it was over and the british won, the Treaty of Paris was signed and that impacted on Georgia.This was due to their Final and successful royal Governer called James Wright who took advantage of the treaty of paris to control many lands and would negotiate land deals with the major indian tribes inorder to have control of the land between the two rivers, the savannah and Ogeechee. This new land allowed new people to come to Georgia. Georgia was a colony that had more Patriots or people who were against royal authority then loyalist or colonist that supported and remained loyal to England. Since their was a major part of patriots in Georgia many of them did support the ideas of the revolution and did own movements of fighting for independence.

Revolution Very few revolutionary leaders came from Georgia but they did take part of one of the first Battles of the war this battle took place in March 2,1776 and was known as the Battle of the Rice Boats. It was given this name because when the British went up to the Savannah river they had captured many ships with rice on them. Leading Georgia and South Carolina to send 600 Patriot troops to go and burn a single ship and allowing it to sail towards the rice boats destroying everything.Later Georgia's milita soon joined the continental army troops into planning attacks towards the British. Their attacks towards the British had failed and Georgia was becoming a battle zone as the British were planning their revenge by destryoing the patriots of Georgias homes and crops. Leading to the capturing of Georgias's main city Savannah in 1778 by Lieutenant Archibald Campbell.After the capturing their third royal governer came back to serve Georgia after fleeing and made Georgia have a Loyalist governmemt.Georgia was greatly affected by the American Revolution because it left it in a bad shape and it had the worst economy problems now plus it's population decreased. After the war, problems occured with the groups of colonist that supported Britain during the war and most of them were being banished or lost all their property causing many of the loyalist to leave with some of their slaves.Although Georgia was recoverying slowly it did become apart of the the signing of the Constitution in January 2,1788 and it became a brand new nation. Georgia became the fourth U.S state and it's officals felt that become apart as a nation of the U.S would help Georgia economically and fight of natives for land.

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